In which condition would an increased FiO2 be potentially harmful to the infant?

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Prepare for the Neonatal/Pediatric Specialist Test. Use flashcards and multiple-choice questions with hints and explanations. Ready yourself for the exam!

Multiple Choice

In which condition would an increased FiO2 be potentially harmful to the infant?

Explanation:
In transposition of the great arteries, the systemic and pulmonary circulations run in parallel and rely on mixing through a patent foramen ovale or a patent ductus arteriosus for adequate oxygen delivery. The ductus arteriosus must stay open to permit this mixing. High FiO2 raises blood oxygen tension and promotes ductal constriction, which can close the ductus. If the ductus closes, mixing diminishes dramatically, and systemic oxygenation can worsen despite high oxygen concentrations. That’s why increasing FiO2 can be potentially harmful in this condition.

In transposition of the great arteries, the systemic and pulmonary circulations run in parallel and rely on mixing through a patent foramen ovale or a patent ductus arteriosus for adequate oxygen delivery. The ductus arteriosus must stay open to permit this mixing. High FiO2 raises blood oxygen tension and promotes ductal constriction, which can close the ductus. If the ductus closes, mixing diminishes dramatically, and systemic oxygenation can worsen despite high oxygen concentrations. That’s why increasing FiO2 can be potentially harmful in this condition.

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