During meconium aspiration management, which method is used during resuscitation?

• A. manual bulb suction
• B. suction with an endotracheal tube
• C. closed-system suction catheter
• D. Coude catheter

Answer: (A)

During resuscitation of a newborn exposed to meconium-stained fluid, clearing the airway quickly is the priority to reduce passage of meconium into the lower airways as breathing resumes. A manual bulb syringe is used to suction the mouth first and then the nose, removing meconium from the upper airway efficiently and with minimal equipment. This quick oral–nasal suction helps establish a clearer airway before any ventilation steps. If meconium is suspected deeper in the airway or if ventilation issues persist after initial suction, more invasive measures like suctioning through an endotracheal tube may be considered to clear the trachea and lower airways. A closed-system suction catheter is designed for suctioning via an endotracheal tube during ventilation, not for the initial oral/nasal airway clearance. A Coude catheter is used for urinary catheterization and is not appropriate for airway suction.